Figure 6

Maximum likelihood trees inferred from amino acid (A) or nucleotide (B) sequences of 12 protein-coding genes in 37 metazoan mitochondrial genomes, showing a monoclade of Bryozoa and Brachipoda, a sister group relationship of Bryozoa + Brachiopoda and Annelida-Echiura, non-monophyly of lophophorates, and a close relationship of Phoronida and Entoprocta (or Katharina tunicate ). The numbers above and below the branches indicate bootstrapping values in percentage (BP) and Bayesian posterior probabilities (BPP) in order, which show node confidence values. Because the BI tree was very similar to the ML tree, only the ML tree is presented here and the BPP values of the BI tree are shown with BP values of the ML tree on each node. Gray boxes indicate lophophorate members. Metridium senile and Acropora tenuis were used as outgroups. Refer to Table 5 for more detailed information and classification of the species used. M in parenthesis is an abbreviation of the phylum Molluska. The log likelihood values of the best trees are -72906.37 in (A) and -106791.00 in (B).