Table 1 Biological processes identified by PANTHER [23] as being significantly over-represented (p < 0.05) in the 157-transcript sex-specific SAM-list compared to the NCBI human reference gene list.
Biological process | Detected number of genes in SAM list | Expected number of genes based on NCBI reference list | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
Extracellular matrix protein-mediated signaling | 4 | 0.29 | 0.000239 |
Cell adhesion-mediated signaling | 8 | 1.8 | 0.000493 |
Cell communication | 15 | 5.77 | 0.000674 |
Chromatin packaging and remodeling | 6 | 1.13 | 0.00101 |
Cell cycle | 13 | 4.8 | 0.00108 |
Mitosis | 7 | 1.82 | 0.00246 |
Chromosome segregation | 4 | 0.58 | 0.0028 |
Cell adhesion | 9 | 2.96 | 0.00303 |
Embryogenesis | 4 | 0.67 | 0.0048 |
Cell structure | 9 | 3.27 | 0.00575 |
Gametogenesis | 5 | 1.15 | 0.00614 |
Cell structure and motility | 12 | 5.46 | 0.00878 |
Blood clotting | 3 | 0.44 | 0.00993 |
Developmental processes | 18 | 10.24 | 0.0134 |
Stress response | 4 | 0.95 | 0.0157 |
mRNA transcription | 3 | 9.11 | 0.0166 |
Receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathway | 4 | 1 | 0.0187 |
Protein modification | 11 | 5.5 | 0.0225 |
Cell proliferation and differentiation | 10 | 4.89 | 0.0253 |
DNA metabolism | 5 | 1.71 | 0.0294 |
Protein metabolism and modification | 22 | 14.46 | 0.0294 |
Signal transduction | 24 | 16.21 | 0.0305 |
Lipid, fatty acid and steroid metabolism | 8 | 3.66 | 0.0313 |
Protein phosphorylation | 7 | 3.14 | 0.0389 |
Other homeostasis activities | 2 | 0.33 | 0.0432 |
NO mediated signal transduction | 1 | 0.05 | 0.0465 |
DNA repair | 3 | 0.8 | 0.0474 |
Immunity and defense | 11 | 6.27 | 0.05 |