Figure 1
From: Gender-specific selection on codon usage in plant genomes
The GC content at third codon positions and the frequency of preferred codons for genes expressed specifically in male and female gametes or tissues in Zea mays and Triticum aestivum and the GC content of male-specific and flower-specific genes in Brassica napus relative to gene expression level. P-values between male and female (flower for B. napus) expressed genes for GC3 and for Fpr are as follows (respectively, in parenthesis):Z. mays: high (< 1 × 10-16**, < 1 × 10-16**), low (< 1 × 10-16 **, < 1 × 10-16**), all expression levels (< 1 × 10-16**, < 1 × 10-16**); T. aestivum: high (< 1 × 10-16*, 0.001*), low (< 1 × 10-16**, < 1 × 10-16**), all expression levels (< 1 × 10-16**, < 1 × 10-16**); B. napus (GC3 only): high (0.141), low (< 1 × 10-16**) and all expression levels (< 1 × 10-16**). P-values for high versus low expression level within gender (or flower): Z. mays: Female (< 1 × 10-16**, < 1 × 10-16**), Male (0.012*, 0.010*); T. aestivum: Female (< 1 × 10-16**, < 1 × 10-16**), Male (0.036*, 0.025*); B. napus: Male (1 × 10-16**), Flower (0.018*). P-values for lowly expressed female-specific genes versus highly expressed male-specific genes: Z. mays (< 1 × 10-16**, < 1 × 10-16**) and T. aestivum (0.867, 0.553). P-values for highly expressed female-specific genes versus lowly expressed male-specific genes: Z. mays (< 1 × 10-16**, < 1 × 10-16**) and T. aestivum (< 1 × 10-16**, < 1 × 10-16**). P-value for highly expressed male-specific genes versus lowly expressed genes in flower in B. napus (0.760). P-value for highly expressed male-specific genes versus lowly expressed genes in the flower in B. napus (< 1 × 10-16).* Indicates statistical significance (P < 0.05), **Indicates that P-value remains statistically significant after the Bonferroni correction.