Figure 5

Average effective number of codons (ENC) for expression categories. Sex-biased expression was determined with absolute log₂ fold-change > 1 cutoff (p _adj < 0.05). 95% confidence intervals (based on bootstrapping, 1000 repetitions) are shown. Sex-biased categories that differed significantly from unbiased genes in the same tissue are indicated (*, p < 0.05, see materials and methods for statistical metrics). Pink bars represent female GC3 values, blue bars represent male values, and yellow bars represent unbiased values. ENC can theoretically range from 20 (extreme bias) to 61 (where all alternate codons are equally likely).