Table 3 Accuracies of genomic selection models based on half-sib families using all 4,993 markers in a combined-site analysis, thus removing full-sib family linkage. Pedigree indicates that only pedigree information was used for predictions after model calibrations; markers indicates that SNP information was used. The predictive ability is the correlation between the predicted and the actual phenotypes. Genetic gains are given in absolute values and percentages are given in brackets. Gain estimates are based on predicted phenotypes and a selection intensity of 5%. Annual gain estimates were based on assumptions of a conventional breeding cycle length of 28 years for pedigree selection (“Pedigree”), and a shortened cycle length of 9 years for selection with markers (“Markers”), with 4 years for crosses and production of seedlots that are full-siblings to the training population, followed by 1 year for selection of individuals using markers and genomic selection models, and 4 years for vegetative propagation of selected individuals for seedling production

From: Factors affecting the accuracy of genomic selection for growth and wood quality traits in an advanced-breeding population of black spruce (Picea mariana)