Table 4 Bacterial strains and plasmids used in this study

E. amylovora strains

   Ea1189

Wild type, isolated from apple

81

   Z2946ΔflhD

flhD::Km; Km^r-insertional mutant of flhD of Ea1189, Km^r

This study

   Z2945ΔflhC

flhC::Km; Km^r-insertional mutant of flhC of Ea1189, Km^r

This study

   Z2986ΔfliA

fliA::Km; Km^r-insertional mutant of fliA of Ea1189, Km^r

This study

   Z0118Δams

Km^R-deletion mutant of ams operon (15.8 kb) of Ea1189, Km^R

47

E. coli

   DH10B

F^- mcr A Δ(mrr-hsd RMS-mcr BC) Φ80lac ZΔM15 Δlac X74 rec A1 end A1 ara Δ139 Δ(ara, leu)7697 gal U gal K λ – rps L (Str^R) nup G

Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA

Plasmids

   pKD46

Ap^r, P_BAD gam bet exo pSC101 oriTS

45

   pKD13

Km^r, FRT cat FRT PS1 PS2 oriR6K rgbN

45

   pKD3

Cm^R, FRT cat FRT PS1 PS2 oriR6K rgbN

45

   pGEM^® T-easy

Ap^r, PCR cloning vector

Promega, Madison, WI, USA

   pWSK29

Ap^r, cloning vector, low copy number

82

   pFPV25

Ap^r, GFP based promoter trap vector with a promoterless gfpmut3a gene

83

   pWDP4

721 bp KpnI-XbaI DNA fragment containing promoter sequence of amsG gene in pFPV25

17

   pWDP5

A 3.057 kb PCR fragment containing grrS gene in pGEM T-easy vector

This study

   pSN4

A 2.727 kb PCR fragment containing envZ/ompR operon in pGEM T-easy vector

This study

   pSN5

A 2.727 kb PCR fragment containing envZ/ompR operon in pWSK29 vector

This study

   pSN6

A 1.6 kb PCR fragment containing grrA gene in pGEM T-easy vector

This study

   pSN7

A 1.463 kb PCR fragment containing flhDC operon in pWSK29 vector

This study

   pSN8

A 940 bp PCR fragment containing fliA gene in pWSK29 vector

This study