Figure 1

Tissue sampling from the horn-forming region on the skull using a 3 mm biopsy punch. The prospective horn-forming region is not apparent always. It was assessed in similar age calves with apparent signs of horn development such as keratinised skin without hair growth or horn bud appearance. Based on these initial observations, the prospective horn region was located in calves with no obvious signs by drawing lines from eye and ear upwards and where they cross each other on both sides of the poll.