Tungsten carbide cobalt nanoparticles exert hypoxia-like effects on the gene expression level in human keratinocytes

Busch, Wibke; Kühnel, Dana; Schirmer, Kristin; Scholz, Stefan

doi:10.1186/1471-2164-11-65

Table 2 Genes with most prominent changes in expression levels^#.

From: Tungsten carbide cobalt nanoparticles exert hypoxia-like effects on the gene expression level in human keratinocytes

WC 3 h	WCCo 3 h	CoCl2 3 h	WC 3 d	WCCo 3 d	CoCl2 3 d	Gene Name	Accession	Description
	up	up	up	up	up	PPFIA4	NM_015053	protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, f polypeptide (PTPRF), interacting protein (liprin), alpha 4 (PPFIA4), mRNA [NM_015053]
		up	up	up	up	BNIP3	NM_004052	BCL2/adenovirus E1B 19 kDa interacting protein 3 (BNIP3), nuclear gene encoding mitochondrial protein, mRNA [NM_004052]
		up	up	up	up	PDK1	NM_002610	pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase, isozyme 1 (PDK1), nuclear gene encoding mitochondrial protein, mRNA [NM_002610]
			up	up	up	CA9	NM_001216	carbonic anhydrase IX (CA9), mRNA [NM_001216]
			up	up	up	EGLN3	NM_022073	egl nine homolog 3 (C. elegans) (EGLN3), mRNA [NM_022073]
			up	up	up	LOXL2	NM_002318	lysyl oxidase-like 2 (LOXL2), mRNA [NM_002318]
			up	up	up	THC2369600	THC2369600	ALU6_HUMAN (P39193) Alu subfamily SP sequence contamination warning entry, partial (12%) [THC2369600]
				up	up	PLOD2	NM_182943	procollagen-lysine, 2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenase 2 (PLOD2), transcript variant 1, mRNA [NM_182943]
				up	up	PPP1R3C	NM_005398	protein phosphatase 1, regulatory (inhibitor) subunit 3C (PPP1R3C), mRNA [NM_005398]
				up	up	CST6	NM_001323	cystatin E/M (CST6), mRNA [NM_001323]
				up	up	FN1	NM_212482	fibronectin 1 (FN1), transcript variant 1, mRNA [NM_212482]
				up	up	THC2316753	THC2316753	Q91TG6 (Q91TG6) T130, partial (7%) [THC2316753]
				up	up	VLDLR	NM_003383	very low density lipoprotein receptor (VLDLR), transcript variant 1, mRNA [NM_003383]
				up	up	AML1a	ENST00000358356	mRNA for AML1a protein, complete cds. [D43967]
				up	up	HK2	NM_000189	hexokinase 2 (HK2), mRNA [NM_000189]
				up	up	PTGS2	NM_000963	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (prostaglandin G/H synthase and cyclooxygenase) (PTGS2), mRNA [NM_000963]
				up	up	SLC2A14	BC060766	solute carrier family 2 (facilitated glucose transporter), member 14, mRNA (cDNA clone MGC:71510 IMAGE:5297510), complete cds. [BC060766]
				up	up	GPI	NM_000175	glucose phosphate isomerase (GPI), mRNA [NM_000175]
				up	up	ENO2	NM_001975	enolase 2 (gamma, neuronal) (ENO2), mRNA [NM_001975]
				up	up	CDH2	NM_001792	cadherin 2, type 1, N-cadherin (neuronal) (CDH2), mRNA [NM_001792]
				up	up	AK021874	ENST00000366930	cDNA FLJ11812 fis, clone HEMBA1006364. [AK021874]
	up	up		up	up	ASB2	NM_016150	ankyrin repeat and SOCS box-containing 2 (ASB2), mRNA [NM_016150]
	up	up		up	up	ANGPTL4	NM_139314	angiopoietin-like 4 (ANGPTL4), transcript variant 1, mRNA [NM_139314]
		up		up	up	LOC653068	XM_925841	PREDICTED: similar to TBP-associated factor 9L (LOC653068), mRNA [XM_925841]
		up			up	TCF19	BC033086	transcription factor 19 (SC1), mRNA (cDNA clone MGC:45652 IMAGE:3160434), complete cds. [BC033086]
		up			up	AIPL1	NM_014336	aryl hydrocarbon receptor interacting protein-like 1 (AIPL1), transcript variant 1, mRNA [NM_014336]
		up			up	LOC200726	XM_117266	PREDICTED: hypothetical LOC200726 (LOC200726), mRNA [XM_117266]
		up			up	LUZPP1	AJ312775	mRNA for leucine zipper protein 3 (LUZP3 gene). [AJ312775]
		up				C9orf65	NM_138818	chromosome 9 open reading frame 65 (C9orf65), mRNA [NM_138818]
		up				THC2411387	THC2411387	ALU8_HUMAN (P39195) Alu subfamily SX sequence contamination warning entry, partial (9%) [THC2411387]
		up				SOX6	NM_033326	SRY (sex determining region Y)-box 6 (SOX6), transcript variant 2, mRNA [NM_033326]
		up				SULT2A1	NM_003167	sulfotransferase family, cytosolic, 2A, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)-preferring, member 1 (SULT2A1), mRNA [NM_003167]
		up				C1orf67	BC042869	cDNA clone IMAGE:5270407. [BC042869]
		up				CRB1	NM_201253	crumbs homolog 1 (Drosophila) (CRB1), mRNA [NM_201253]
	up	up				EDN2	NM_001956	endothelin 2 (EDN2), mRNA [NM_001956]
					up	CBLN4	NM_080617	cerebellin 4 precursor (CBLN4), mRNA [NM_080617]
					up	G65686	ENST00000332107	A117 Human STS cDNA, sequence tagged site. [G65686]
					up	XAGE2	NM_130777	X antigen family, member 2 (XAGE2), mRNA [NM_130777]
					up	PELO	AF118075	PRO1770 mRNA, complete cds. [AF118075]
					up	SAA3P	AY209188	truncated serum amyloid A3 precursor (SAA3) mRNA, complete cds. [AY209188]
					up	ITIH5	NM_030569	inter-alpha (globulin) inhibitor H5 (ITIH5), transcript variant 1, mRNA [NM_030569]
					up	MCHR1	NM_005297	melanin-concentrating hormone receptor 1 (MCHR1), mRNA [NM_005297]
					up	MGAT4A	NM_012214	mannosyl (alpha-1,3-)-glycoprotein beta-1,4-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase, isozyme A (MGAT4A), mRNA [NM_012214]
					up	GPR65	NM_003608	G protein-coupled receptor 65 (GPR65), mRNA [NM_003608]
					up	DFNB31	AK056190	cDNA FLJ31628 fis, clone NT2RI2003344, weakly similar to PRESYNAPTIC PROTEIN SAP97. [AK056190]
					up	LRP8	NM_033300	low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 8, apolipoprotein e receptor (LRP8), transcript variant 2, mRNA [NM_033300]
dn		up	up		up	SORCS3	NM_014978	sortilin-related VPS10 domain containing receptor 3 (SORCS3), mRNA [NM_014978]
dn		up				HLA-DPA1	NM_033554	major histocompatibility complex, class II, DP alpha 1 (HLA-DPA1), mRNA [NM_033554]
		up	dn	dn		AKR1C1	BC040210	aldo-keto reductase family 1, member C1, mRNA (cDNA clone MGC:42600 IMAGE:4825338), complete cds. [BC040210]
		up		dn	up	WDR64	NM_144625	WD repeat domain 64 (WDR64), mRNA [NM_144625]
		dn			up	ESCO2	NM_001017420	establishment of cohesion 1 homolog 2 (S. cerevisiae) (ESCO2), mRNA [NM_001017420]
		dn			up	CACNG5	NM_145811	calcium channel, voltage-dependent, gamma subunit 5 (CACNG5), transcript variant 1, mRNA [NM_145811]
		dn			up	ANPEP	NM_001150	alanyl (membrane) aminopeptidase (aminopeptidase N, aminopeptidase M, microsomal aminopeptidase, CD13, p150) (ANPEP), mRNA [NM_001150]
				dn	up	GPX7	NM_015696	glutathione peroxidase 7 (GPX7), mRNA [NM_015696]
			dn	dn	up	TTLL7	NM_024686	tubulin tyrosine ligase-like family, member 7 (TTLL7), mRNA [NM_024686]
			dn	dn	up	THC2371963	THC2371963	AIP1_HUMAN (Q86UL8) Atrophin-1 interacting protein 1 (Atrophin-1 interacting protein A) (MAGI-2), partial (3%) [THC2371963]
	up			dn	dn	GDF15	NM_004864	growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15), mRNA [NM_004864]
				dn	dn	ALDH1A1	NM_000689	aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A1 (ALDH1A1), mRNA [NM_000689]
				dn	dn	DCN	NM_001920	decorin (DCN), transcript variant A1, mRNA [NM_001920]
				dn	dn	SOX2	NM_003106	SRY (sex determining region Y)-box 2 (SOX2), mRNA [NM_003106]
				dn	dn	TAF9B	NM_015975	TAF9B RNA polymerase II, TATA box binding protein (TBP)-associated factor, 31 kDa (TAF9B), mRNA [NM_015975]
				dn	dn	THC2302184	THC2302184	GAL2_HUMAN (Q01415) N-acetylgalactosamine kinase (GalNAc kinase) (Galactokinase 2), partial (21%) [THC2302184]
				dn	dn	PTPRZ1	NM_002851	protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor-type, Z polypeptide 1 (PTPRZ1), mRNA [NM_002851]
				dn	dn	DMRT2	NM_006557	doublesex and mab-3 related transcription factor 2 (DMRT2), transcript variant 1, mRNA [NM_006557]
			dn	dn		CLEC3A	NM_005752	C-type lectin domain family 3, member A (CLEC3A), mRNA [NM_005752]
			dn	dn		ATP10B	AB018258	mRNA for KIAA0715 protein, partial cds. [AB018258]
			dn	dn		PROS1	NM_000313	protein S (alpha) (PROS1), mRNA [NM_000313]
			dn	dn		RAXLX	NM_001008494	RAX-like homeobox (RAXLX), mRNA [NM_001008494]
			dn	dn		OLFM4	NM_006418	olfactomedin 4 (OLFM4), mRNA [NM_006418]
			dn	dn		DSG4	NM_177986	desmoglein 4 (DSG4), mRNA [NM_177986]
			dn	dn	dn	IQGAP2	NM_006633	IQ motif containing GTPase activating protein 2 (IQGAP2), mRNA [NM_006633]
			dn	dn	dn	MAL	NM_002371	mal, T-cell differentiation protein (MAL), transcript variant a, mRNA [NM_002371]
			dn	dn	dn	KRT1	NM_006121	keratin 1 (epidermolytic hyperkeratosis) (KRT1), mRNA [NM_006121]
			dn	dn	dn	MMP1	NM_002421	matrix metallopeptidase 1 (interstitial collagenase) (MMP1), mRNA [NM_002421]
		dn		dn	dn	LAMP3	NM_014398	lysosomal-associated membrane protein 3 (LAMP3), mRNA [NM_014398]
		dn		dn	dn	HLA-DMB	NM_002118	major histocompatibility complex, class II, DM beta (HLA-DMB), mRNA [NM_002118]
		dn		dn	dn	HERC5	NM_016323	hect domain and RLD 5 (HERC5), mRNA [NM_016323]
					dn	BTN3A3	NM_006994	butyrophilin, subfamily 3, member A3 (BTN3A3), transcript variant 1, mRNA [NM_006994]
					dn	C6orf130	NM_145063	chromosome 6 open reading frame 130 (C6orf130), mRNA [NM_145063]
					dn	CRY2	NM_021117	cryptochrome 2 (photolyase-like) (CRY2), mRNA [NM_021117]
					dn	TMEM140	NM_018295	transmembrane protein 140 (TMEM140), mRNA [NM_018295]
					dn	ZNF438	NM_182755	zinc finger protein 438 (ZNF438), mRNA [NM_182755]
					dn	DNMT3L	NM_013369	DNA (cytosine-5-)-methyltransferase 3-like (DNMT3L), transcript vari ant 1, mRNA [NM_013369]
		dn				CTAGE3	AF338231	CTAGE-3 protein mRNA, complete cds. [AF338231]
		dn				MOSPD2	NM_152581	motile sperm domain containing 2 (MOSPD2), mRNA [NM_152581]
		dn				OR4N4	NM_001005241	olfactory receptor, family 4, subfamily N, member 4 (OR4N4), mRNA [NM_001005241]
		dn				SPATA7	NM_018418	spermatogenesis associated 7 (SPATA7), transcript variant 1, mRNA [NM_018418]
		dn				TMC1	NM_138691	transmembrane channel-like 1 (TMC1), mRNA [NM_138691]

^# listed genes were statistically significant different and exhibited at least a 5fold induction or repression in one of the treatments (with respect to controls and based on normalised fluorescence intensity ratios in the microarray analysis); type of gene regulation is indicated as "up" for induction (> 2fold) and "dn" for repression (> 2fold); fields are empty when induction or repression was < 2fold; full table is provided as Additional File 1

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ISSN: 1471-2164

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