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Table 3 Top Canonical Pathways for gene-associated probes that show variable methylation within each gestational age

From: Evidence for widespread changes in promoter methylation profile in human placenta in response to increasing gestational age and environmental/stochastic factors

Variable in First trimester

p-value

genes

Arachidonic Acid Metabolism

6.97E-04

CBR1, CYP2E1, GPX7, PNPLA3, PTGS1

Hepatic Fibrosis/Hepatic Stellate Cell Activation

1.36E-02

CYP2E1, ECE1, FGFR1, MYL5

Circadian Rhythm Signaling

1.91E-02

GRIN3A, VIPR2

Calcium Signaling

2.69E-02

CHRNB4, GRIA4, GRIN3A, MYL5

Nitrogen Metabolism

3.54E-02

PTPRG, VNN3

Variable in Second trimester

p-value

genes

Circadian Rhythm Signaling

3.39E-03

GRIN3A, VIPR2, PER1

Glutathione Metabolism

1.62E-02

GPX3, GPX7, GSTO1

Arachidonic Acid Metabolism

1.86E-02

CBR1, CYP2E1, GPX3, GPX7

Sonic Hedgehog Signaling

3.7E-02

DYRK1B, HKR1

Metabolism of Xenobiotics by Cytochrome P450

4.68E-02

ADHFE1, CYP2E1, GSTO1

Variable in Third trimester

p-value

genes

Glutamate Receptor Signaling

6.1E-03

GRID2, GRIK2, GRIN3A, GRM6, SLC1A6

Valine, Leucine and Isoleucine Degradation

1.13E-02

ACADL, ALDH1A3, ELOVL2, IVD, OXCT1

β-alanine Metabolism

2.07E-02

ACADL, ALDH1A3, DPYS, IVD

Butanoate Metabolism

3.74E-02

ALDH1A3, ELOVL2, OXCT1, PDHA2

Tyrosine Metabolism

4.19E-02

ADHFE1, ADLH1A3, ELOVL2, MGMT