Functional classifications | Stress-responsive rice genes | Codon substitutions | Amino acid replacement | Types of mutation | Possible causes of altered secondary protein structure and functions |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Transcription factors | WRKY family transcription factor | TAC to TCC | Tyrosine to Serine | Missense substitution | Conserved WRKY DNA binding domains and differential sequence-specific DNA binding affinity |
MYB family transcription factor | GAG to GTG | Glutamic acid to Valine | Missense substitution | Conserved N-terminal tryptophan clustered Myb DNA binding domains and differential DNA binding affinity | |
Heat Shock factor | CGA to TGA | Glycine to Opal | Nonsense/Introduction of premature termination codon | Conserved C-terminal basic zipper signal sensing domains that senses external signals and transmit to transcription DNA binding domains of same protein | |
Metabolism, photosynthesis and protein synthesis related | Sucrose transporter | CGC to CAC | Arginine to Histidine | Missense substitution | Transmembrane beta-stranded domain affects apoplastic sucrose transportation by protonophores/cation symporter activity |
Pyruvate kinase | CAA to TAA | Glutamine to Ochre | Nonsense/Introduction of premature termination codon | Enzyme regulatory active catalytic domain binding site with substrate (phosphoenol pyruvate) and Mn2+ ligand complexes affects allosteric mechanism of glycolysis | |
Soluble acid invertase | CAA to TAA | Glutamine to Ochre | Nonsense/Introduction of premature termination codon | Small conserved amino acid sequence in active domain binding site with substrate and Na+ ligand complexes regulates sucrose to hexose ratio in vacuole | |
Cytochrome P450 | CAG to TAG | Glutamine to Amber | Nonsense/Introduction of premature termination codon | Conserved cysteine residues active domain binding site with Fe3+ ligand complexes that regulates multi-component electron transfer chains in photosynthesis | |
Elongation factor | CAG to TAG | Glutamine to Amber | Nonsense/Introduction of premature termination codon | A GTP-binding catalytic domain with Mg2+ ligand binding complexes affects binding of aminoacyl tRNA | |
Stress signal transduction | Calcium dependent Protein kinase | GTC to GCC | Valine to Alanine | Nonsense/Introduction of premature termination codon | Glycine-rich ATP conserved catalytic domain and peptide-substrate and Ca2+ ligand binding site affects phosphorylation |
Resistance gene analogue (RGA) | Leucine-rich repeat domain | GTC to GCC | Valine to Alanine | Missense substitution | Dimerization of functional domain and altered ligand binding site |
NBS-LRR disease resistance | TCC to TAC | Serine to Tyrosine | Missense substitution | Dimerization of functional domain and altered ligand binding site | |
Serine/threonine protein kinase | CAG to CGG | Glutamine to Arginine | Missense substitution | Conserved functional domain and altered ligand binding site affects phosphorylation | |
 | NB-ARC domain | GAT to GGT | Aspartic acid to Glycine | Missense substitution | Conserved functional domain and altered ligand binding site |