Table 1 Demographic data in relation to age of the training cohort HCC patients undergoing surgical resection

Patient demographics

Age (years) (median; 25 and 75 percentiles) (range)

47.5; 36.5-60.2 (26-75.7)

35.5; 30.8-37.0 (26-39.5)

56.8; 50.6-64.3 (40.8-75.7)

<0.001

Sex (M:F)

54:7

19:4

35:3

0.409

Albumin (g/dL) (median; 25 and 75 percentiles)

4.0; 3.8-4.4

4.2; 3.9-4.4

4.0; 3.7-4.3

0.129

Total bilirubin (mg/dL) (median; 25 and 75 percentiles)

0.80; 0.6-1.2

0.7; 0.5-1.1

0.9; 0.6-1.2

0.688

ALT (U/L) (median; 25 and 75 percentiles)

41.0; 30.5-57.0

46.0; 35.0-61.0

38.0; 29.8-57.0

0.946

AST (U/L) (median; 25 and 75 percentiles)

40.0; 27.0-66.0

42.0; 27.0-65.0

39.5; 27.0-67.5

0.871

Platelet (/mm3) (median; 25 and 75 percentiles)

182000; 139000-224500

204000; 171000-264000

167000; 131750-2017250

0.087

ICG-15R (%) (retention rate) (median; 25 and 75 percentiles)

8; 5.3-12.8

6; 4-8

10; 6-14.3

0.0055

Child-Pugh A/B (%)

59/2 (96.7%/3.3%)

22/1 (95.7%/4.4%)

37/1 (97.4%/2.6%)

1.000

Tumor characteristics

Tumor size (cm) (median; 25 and 75 percentiles)

4.8; 3.4-8.7

5.0; 4.0-11.0

4.4; 3.2-6.4

0.523

Multinodularity (%)

28 (45.9%)

9 (39.1%)

19 (50.0%)

0.440

AFP (ng/ml) (median; 25 and 75 percentiles)

190; 15-1541

316; 18.4-5499

169.5; 12.9-728.5

0.742

Macroscopic venous invasion (%)

18 (29.5%)

14 (60.9%)

4 (10.5%)

<0.001

Daughter nodule (%)

32 (62.8%)

11 (55.0%)

21 (67.7%)

0.389

Histopathological findings

Cirrhosis in non-tumor part (yes/no) (%)

33/28 (54.1%/45.9%)

4/19 (17.4%/82.6%)

24/14 (63.2%/36.8%)

<0.001

Edmondson grading (I or II/ III or IV) (%)

33/24 (57.9%/42.1%)

11/12 (47.8%/52.2%)

22/12 (64.7%/35.3%)

0.276

Microscopic venous invasion (%)

43 (70.5%)

17 (73.9%)

26 (68.4%)

0.775