Chronic parasitization by Nosema microsporidia causes global expression changes in core nutritional, metabolic and behavioral pathways in honey bee workers (Apis mellifera)

Table 6 Functional analysis of transcripts regulated by Nosema co-infection and worker behavioral state

Functional category	GO term	GO biological process	p-value
Metabolism	GO:0042180	Cellular ketone metabolic process	3.40E-04
	GO:0034754	Cellular hormone metabolic process	3.27E-03
	GO:0008152	Metabolic process	6.10E-03
	GO:0006189	‘De novo’ IMP biosynthetic process	7.81E-03
	GO:0006629	Lipid metabolic process	1.59E-02
	GO:0006066	Alcohol metabolic process	1.65E-02
	GO:0032787	Monocarboxylic acid metabolic process	2.34E-02
Other	GO:0006955	Immune response*	5.05E-02

*Not significant at p < 0.05.
Significantly regulated transcripts in the fat body tissue of co-infected workers (14 days pi) were overlapped with transcripts significantly regulated in the fat bodies of nurses and foragers [43]. Transcripts that were upregulated in controls and nurses or upregulated in infected bees and foragers were selected for functional analysis and overrepresented GO processes were identified.

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