Figure 3

Genes having similar transcriptional change dynamics. A. Gene clusters. The three gene clusters determined by K-means clustering are shown in yellow (C1), blue (C2), and green (C3). The number of genes in each cluster is indicated. The essential genes comprising the three clusters are shown in dark green. An asterisk indicates the statistical significance (p < 0.01) of the biased number of essential genes within cluster C3, as evaluated using binomial tests. B. The three-dimensional space formed by the three clusters. Clusters C1, C2, and C3 are represented by the axes z, x, and y, respectively. The lines representing zero on the three axes are indicated using dashed lines. Gene expression under regular conditions is marked in black and located at the zero points of all three axes. Gene expression under the three studied environmental types having varied growth rates are indicated separately. The use of color hue and saturation are as described in Figure 1: osmotic pressure (blue), temperature (red), and starvation (violet).