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Table 1 General characteristics of DNA methylation in different species

From: Genome-wide and single-base resolution DNA methylomes of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas provide insight into the evolution of invertebrate CpG methylation

Species

Tissue

% of mC in genomic cytosines

% of mCG in genomic CpGs

% of mC in different sequence context

% of genes being methylated

Level of gene body methylation

Data sources

CG

CHG

CHH

Inbred oyster

Mantle

1.95

15.96

99.56

0.08

0.36

54

0.20

N/A

Wild oyster

Mantle

1.96

16.25

99.69

0.06

0.25

58

0.18

N/A

Silkworm

Silk gland

0.11

0.56

99.24

0.14

0.62

47

0.02

[8]

Honeybee

Adult brain

0.11

0.36

97.36

0.10

2.54

61

0.01

[9]

Ant

Embryo

0.15

0.54

99.25

0.03

0.72

31

0.02

[10]

Sea anemone

Whole adult

1.44

10.89

99.93

0.02

0.05

51

0.16

[5]

Sea squirt

Muscle

4.07

28.95

99.94

0.01

0.05

71

0.34

[5]

Human

Peripheral blood

3.93

82.08

92.40

0.70

6.90

97

0.68

[11]

  1. Note: For sequence context of CHG or CHH, H represents A, T or C. When calculating the percentage of mC out of total genomic cytosines or mCGs out of total genomic CpGs, only C or CpG positions with ≥ 2X coverage were considered. Methylated genes were defined as genes with ≥ 2 identified mCGs. Only genes with ≥ 70% coverage were used for gene-related calculation, and only CpG positions with ≥ 5X coverage were used for gene body methylation level estimation. Species used for comparison are the oyster Crassostrea gigas, silkworm Bombyx mori, honeybee Apis mellifera, ant Camponotus floridanus, sea anemone Nematostella vectensis, sea squirt Ciona intestinalis and human Homo sapiens.