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Table 5 Top 'false positive' drug targets for acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

From: GWAS and drug targets

Target

Description from Refseq

Random Forest Probability

MAPK3

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the MAP kinase family. MAP kinases, also known as extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs), act in a signaling cascade that regulates various cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation, and cell cycle progression in response to a variety of extracellular signals.

1

PIK3R1

Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase plays an important role in the metabolic actions of insulin, and a mutation in this gene has been associated with insulin resistance.

0.96

RAF1

v-raf-1 murine leukemia viral oncogene homolog 1

0.96

EGFR

Mutations in this gene are associated with lung cancer. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants that encode different protein isoforms have been found for this gene

0.96

FGFR2

Mutations in this gene are associated with Crouzon syndrome, Pfeiffer syndrome, Craniosynostosis, Apert syndrome, Jackson-Weiss syndrome, Beare-Stevenson cutis gyrata syndrome, Saethre-Chotzen syndrome, and syndromic craniosynostosis.

0.96

KDR

This receptor, known as kinase insert domain receptor, is a type III receptor tyrosine kinase. Mutations of this gene are implicated in infantile capillary hemangiomas.

0.94

FLT1

This protein binds to VEGFR-A, VEGFR-B and placental growth factor and plays an important role in angiogenesis and vasculogenesis.

0.94

FGFR1

Chromosomal aberrations involving this gene are associated with stem cell myeloproliferative disorder and stem cell leukemia lymphoma syndrome.

0.94

IL2RG

The protein encoded by this gene is an important signaling component of many interleukin receptors

0.92

ERBB2

v-erb-b2 erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene homolog 2, neuro/glioblastoma derived oncogene homolog

0.92

FGFR3

This particular family member binds acidic and basic fibroblast growth hormone and plays a role in bone development and maintenance. Mutations in this gene lead to craniosynostosis and multiple types of skeletal dysplasia.

0.9

AKT1

v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 1

0.9

INSR

insulin receptor

0.9

IL2RA

Mutations in this gene are associated with interleukin 2 receptor alpha deficiency.

0.9

SDC2

The syndecan-2 protein functions as an integral membrane protein and participates in cell proliferation, cell migration and cell-matrix interactions via its receptor for extracellular matrix proteins. Altered syndecan-2 expression has been detected in several different tumor types.

0.88

MAPK1

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the MAP kinase family. MAP kinases, also known as extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs), act as an integration point for multiple biochemical signals, and are involved in a wide variety of cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation, transcription regulation and development.

0.86

CD247

The protein encoded by this gene is T-cell receptor zeta, which together with T-cell receptor alpha/beta and gamma/delta heterodimers, and with CD3-gamma, -delta and -epsilon, forms the T-cell receptor-CD3 complex.

0.86

RET

ret proto-oncogene

0.86

VEGFA

vascular endothelial growth factor A

0.86

PTPN1

protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 1

0.86

IL3RA

The protein encoded by this gene is an interleukin 3 specific subunit of a heterodimeric cytokine receptor.

0.84

HDAC1

histone deacetylase 1, Together with metastasis-associated protein-2, it deacetylates p53 and modulates its effect on cell growth and apoptosis.

0.82

CCND1

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the highly conserved cyclin family, whose members are characterized by a dramatic periodicity in protein abundance throughout the cell cycle. This protein has been shown to interact with tumor suppressor protein Rb and the expression of this gene is regulated positively by Rb. Mutations, amplification and overexpression of this gene, which alters cell cycle progression, are observed frequently in a variety of tumors and may contribute to tumorigenesis

0.82

FASN

fatty acid synthase

0.82

CD4

The protein functions to initiate or augment the early phase of T-cell activation, and may function as an important mediator of indirect neuronal damage in infectious and immune-mediated diseases of the central nervous system.

0.8