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Table 1 Tissues sampled

From: Transcriptome architecture across tissues in the pig

Group

Tissue

Abbreviation

Embryonic origin

Function, remarks

Sampling details

# Extreme Probesa

Principal KEGG pathways of extreme probes

Brain

Olfactory bulb

OLFB

Ectoderm (neural)

Perception of odors

Whole organ from both sides

274

Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction WNT signalling pathway

 

Hypothalamus

HYPT

Ectoderm (neural)

Regulates metabolic processes and other activities of the Autonomic Nervous System

Including mammilary body and grey tubercle

147

Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction Cell adhesion molecules (CAMS)

 

Pineal gland

PING

Ectoderm (neural)

Production of melatonin

Whole gland

89

-

 

Adenohypophysis

AHYP

Ectoderm (stomodeum)

Hormone secretion regulating endocrine glands

Whole gland

241

Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction

 

Neurohypophysis

NHYP

Ectoderm (neural)

Store and liberation of hormones synthesized by the hypothalamus

Whole gland

130

WNT signalling pathway

Endocrine

Adrenal cortex

ADGC

Mesoderm

Synthesis of corticosteroid hormones

Part of the gland after mechanical separation

14

-

 

Adrenal medulla

ADGM

Ectoderm (Neural crest)

Synthesis of adrenaline and noradrenalin

Part of the gland after mechanical separation

12

-

 

Thyroid gland

THYG

Endoderm + Ectoderm (neural crest)

Production of thyroxine (T4), triiodothyronine (T3), and calcitonin

Part of the gland

376

-

Structural

Diaphragm muscle

DIAP

Mesoderm

Predominant oxidative metabolism

Samples from left and right crura

166

Oxidative phosphorylation ATP synthesis Glycolysis Citrate cycle Piruvate metabolism

 

M. Biceps femoris

BIFE

Mesoderm

Glycolitic metabolism

Lateral area of the muscle

354

Glycolysis Insulin signalling pathway Frutose and manose metabolism Starch and sucrose metabolism Pentose phosphate pathway

 

Back fat tissue

FATB

Mesoderm

Fat

Fat from lumbar region

51

-

 

Abdominal fat tissue

FATA

Mesoderm

Fat

Fat external to the rectus sheath

21

-

Metabolic

Stomach

STOM

Endoderm

Digestion

Epithelium from the body

156

Tight junction

 

Liver

LIVR

Endoderm

Central role in metabolism

Parts from quadrate and left lateral lobes

824

Urea cycle Bile acid biosynthesis Biosynthesis of steroids Complement and coagulation cascades Fatty acid metabolism Propanoate metabolism Amino acids metabolisms Butanoate metabolism Metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450

 

Ileum

ILEU

Endoderm

Absorption of products of digestion

Epithelium

570

Cell cycle Ribosome Pyrimidine metabolism Antigen processing and presentation

 

Blood

BLOO

Mesoderm

Supply of oxygen and nutrients

Blood from the femoral vein

3253

Hematopoietic cell lineage Regulation of actin cytoskeleton T-cell receptor signalling Focal adhesion ECM receptor interaction Cytokine cytokine receptor interaction Cell adhesion molecules (CAMS) MAPK signalling pathway JAK-STAT signalling pathway Tight junction

  1. a The complete list is in Supplementary Table S2. See Material and Methods for definition of extreme probe.