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Table 1 Analysing previous overlapping genes reports

From: Large gene overlaps in prokaryotic genomes: result of functional constraints or mispredictions?

Reference

Objective

Excluded genes

Accepted gene set

Annotation errors suggested

Fukuda et al., 1999[11]Fukuda et al., 2003[7]

Comparison study of overlapping genes in two Mycoplasma genomes. Study of overlapping genes in bacterial genomes

Homologous genes whose start codons was assigned differently and genes coding for hypothetical or putative proteins

Authentic ORFs, thus genes not annotated as hypothetical or putative proteins and conserved in COG database

Misprediction of the start codons

Rogozin et al., 2002[12]

Study of non-coding DNA in prokaryotic genomes

Genes coding for hypothetical proteins and overlapping more than 90 bps

Gene pairs not annotated as hypothetical or putative proteins and conserved in COG database

Misprediction of start codons, falsely predicted genes and missed genes, frameshifts

Rogozin et al., 2002[14]

Analysis of the purifying and directional selection in overlapping prokaryotic genes

Genes not conserved in COG database and neither co-directional nor divergent overlapping pairs nor overlapping gene pairs not conserved in two or more species

Convergent overlapping genes conserved in both the COG database and in two or more than two genomes

Misprediction of start codons (affecting co-directional and divergent overlaps) and loss of termination codons (affecting co-directional and convergent overlaps)

Johnson and Chisholm, 2004[6]

Study of the properties of the overlapping genes in microbial genomes

Genes coding for hypothetical proteins

Gene pairs not annotated as hypothetical or putative proteins

Misidentification of coding sequences

Sakharkar et al., 2005[13]

Comparison study of overlapping genes in two Rickettsia genomes

Genes coding for hypothetical proteins

Gene pairs not annotated as hypothetical or unknown proteins

Incorrectly annotated ORFs

Cock and Withworth, 2007[15]

Study of the relative reading frame bias in Prokaryotic Two-component system genes which use to overlap

Genes with ambiguous locations

Two component system gene pairs well located in the chromosome

Invalid bacterial start codons or premature stop codons

  1. Comparison of previous overlapping genes studies. Columns referring to the authors, the authors' objectives, the genes excluded from their study, the genes accepted for their study, and the misannotations which they suggest are present in prokaryotic chromosomes.