Figure 6

TIIA induces apoptosis and reorganization of cytoskeleton in AGS cells. (A) AGS cells were treated with different levels of TIIA (1.25 μM and 5.3 μM). Treated cells were stained with annexin A5 and PI and their apoptotic condition was analyzed by flow cytometry. EA denotes early apoptosis; LA denotes late apoptosis. (B) Images of AGS cells were obtained by fluorescence microscopy after TIIA treatment for 48 hr. Nuclei were stained with DAPI (blue), actin filaments were stained with rhodamine-labeled phalloidin (red), and microtubules were stained with mouse anti-α-tubulin antibody and the corresponding FITC-conjugated secondary anti-mouse IgG antibody (green). Arrows indicate nuclear fragmentation sites with condensed chromatin. Microtubules are densely packed at these sites; this condensation is an important step during the apoptotic process [30]. Scale bars represent 10 μm.