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Table 2 Power of the four tests of X-linked associations under various scenarios

From: X-inactivation informs variance-based testing for X-linked association of a quantitative trait

Simulation parameters

X-inactivation in heterozygous females

X-inactivation and additional noise in heterozygous females

Standard

Variance

Weighted

Combined

Standard

Variance

Weighted

Combined

N = 1000

MAF = 0.1

a = 0.1

26.7

5.3

28.8

21.3

26.6

18.0

28.0

33.8

N = 1000

MAF = 0.3

a = 0.1

53.8

6.5

54.2

42.4

52.0

28.9

53.3

63.4

N = 1000

MAF = 0.1

a = 0.2

75.7

7.5

75.9

54.5

73.3

24.4

73.3

72.2

N = 1000

MAF = 0.3

a = 0.2

98.1

11.1

98.2

85.9

97.9

39.0

98.1

96.5

N = 2000

MAF = 0.1

a = 0.1

47.5

5.9

48.2

28.4

45.0

29.3

45.9

56.8

N = 2000

MAF = 0.3

a = 0.1

82.4

6.9

82.4

56.3

81.8

45.4

82.4

87.2

N = 2000

MAF = 0.1

a = 0.2

96.3

10.6

96.3

82.4

94.6

41.1

95.1

95.1

N = 3000

MAF = 0.1

a = 0.1

63.8

5.7

64.0

39.1

62.1

39.5

62.1

73.6

N = 3000

MAF = 0.3

a = 0.1

94.7

7.0

94.7

72.8

93.2

58.8

93.5

96.4

N = 3000

MAF = 0.1

a = 0.2

99.6

12.5

99.6

94.1

99.3

54.3

99.3

99.1

N = 5000

MAF = 0.1

a = 0.1

85.4

6.6

85.5

59.4

83.6

57.5

84.6

92.2

  1. Shown are percentages of simulations where the test in the column positively identifies the QTL with p-value < 0.05. Simulation scenarios include varying sample sizes (N), minor allele frequencies of the QTL (MAF), and effect sizes of the QTL (a).