Fig. 10

Schematic representation of cuticular wax biosynthesis and export. Cuticle biosynthesis pathway, which are composed of three stages: In the first stage, C16 and C18 fatty acids are generated by de novo synthesis. The second stage involves the elongation of C16 and C18 fatty acids into VLCFAs composed of C20 to C36. In the third stage, VLCFAs are modified into the major wax products according to two distinct biosynthetic pathways: the alcohol-forming pathway and the alkane-forming pathway. Wax products are mobilized from endoplasmic reticulum (ER) through the plasma membrane (PM) to the outside of the cell wall (CW) by ABC transporters and lipid transfer proteins (LTPs). Genes in red displayed significant variation of expression. Genes in blue were only detected in CK samples, and gene in black was not detected in both samples