Fig. 1

The geographic location, distributions and population structure across the range of cultivated soybean. a The geographic distributions of 421 soybean accessions analyzed in this study. The accessions assigned into three inferred genetic clusters (Northeast, central and South China) are indicated by solid blue, red and green circles respectively. Accessions with mixed genomes are indicated by the solid gray circle. b Inferred population structure of the soybean panel partitioned into three segments (K = 3). Each color represents one cluster, and the length of the colored segment shows the accession’s estimated proportion of membership in that cluster as calculated by STRUCTURE. The accessions are shown in order of latitude (°N) of their origin