Fig. 7

a Characterization of S. pomifera genes related to miltiradiene biosynthesis. S. pomifera Unigene 32268 encoding for a copalyl diphosphate synthase (SpCDS) expressed in AM238 yeast cell enabled production of manool and copalol as result of (+)-CPP hydrolysis. b Mass-spectrum of manool and copalol products and standards. c Production of miltiradiene in yeast cells co-expressing copalyl diphosphate synthase (SpCDS) and miltiradiene synthase (SpMilS). d Mass-spectrum of miltiradiene product and standard. e Biosynthetic pathway of miltiradiene in S. pomifera employ a class II diterpene synthase responsible for cyclization of the linear precursor geranylgeranyl diphosphate (GGPP) to form copalyl diphosphate ((+)-CPP), which is further converted to miltiradiene by a class I diterpene synthase