Fig. 4From: Evaluation of the linkage-disequilibrium method for the estimation of effective population size when generations overlap: an empirical caseComparison of estimates of effective population size (N e ) based on linkage disequilibrium with those based on pedigree data, averaged across replicates. Average LD-based N e estimates across replicates (solid lines; bars represent 1 SD) compared to pedigree-based estimates (dashed lines). Estimates based on LD were obtained estimating (a, b and c) or fixing α to 2 (d, e and f) and ignoring (a and d) or accounting (b, c, e and f) for the sampling effect. The term 1/N is the adjustment for sample sizeBack to article page