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Table 1 Occurrence of type I PKSs and NRPSs predicted in algae (zeros omitted to improve legibility)

From: Multimodular type I polyketide synthases in algae evolve by module duplications and displacement of AT domains in trans

Species

No. of type I PKSs

No. of KS domains within type I PKSsa)

No. of free-standing (type II) KS proteins

No. of NRPSs

No. of C domains within NRPSsa)

Streptophyta

     

  Klebsormidium flaccidum

  

3

  

Chlorophyta

     

  Asterochloris sp. Cgr/DA1pho

  

3

  

  Bathycoccus prasinos

  

3

  

  Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

1

11 (11)

4

  

  Chlorella variabilis

2

19 (10, 9)

4

1

1 (1)

  Coccomyxa subellipsoidea

10

19 (10, 9x1)

3

1

1 (1)

  Micromonas sp. CCMP1545

4

23 (10, 5, 4, 4)

4

  

  Micromonas sp. RCC299

2b)

14 (9, 5)

4

  

  Monoraphidium neglectum

8c)

13 (3, 2, 2, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1)

28

  

  Ostreococcus lucimarinus

3d)

22 (14, 4, 4)

5

  

  Ostreococcus tauri

6

29 (9, 5, 4, 4, 4, 3)

5

  

  Ostreococcus sp. RCC809

  

2

  

  Volvox carteri

1

11 (11)

3

  

Rhodophyta

     

  Chondrus crispus

  

3

  

  Cyanidioschyzon merolae

  

2

  

  Galdieria sulphuraria

     

  Porphyridium purpureum

     

  Pyropia (Porphyra) yezoensis

  

2

  

Glaucophyta

     

  Cyanophora paradoxa

   

1e)

2 (2)e)

Chlorarachniophyta

     

  Bigelowiella natans

  

4

1

3 (3)

Heterokontophyta

     

  Aureococcus anophagefferens

1f)

1 (1)

56f)

1

3 (3)

  Ectocarpus siliculosus

1

1 (1)

5

  

  Fragilariopsis cylindrus

  

3

  

  Nannochloropsis gaditana B-31

2

2 (1, 1)

3

  

  Nannochloropsis oceanica CCMP1779

4

4 (4x1)

7

  

  Phaeodactylum tricornutum

  

2

  

  Pseudo-nitzschia multiseries

  

3

  

  Thalassiosira oceanica

   

1

1 (1)

  Thalassiosira pseudonana

  

4

  

Dinophyta

     

  Symbiodinium minutum g)

17

n.s.

n.s.

6

n.s.

Haptophyta

     

  Emiliania huxleyi

12h)

60 (13, 13, 7, 5, 4, 4, 3, 3, 3, 3, 1, 1)

8

  

Cryptophyta

     

  Guillardia theta

  

6

  
  1. a)Numbers in brackets indicate the numbers of KS or C domains within the different predicted type I PKS or NRPS proteins, respectively
  2. b)MicPKS2 may contain N-terminal C and A domains, but the C domain has a slightly deviating HHxxxD motif (HHIVCE)
  3. c)Many contigs in M. neglectum are small so that most likely, some genes can be merged. Therefore, this number is only a rough approximation
  4. d)OluPKS3 may contain a central C domain (including HHxxxD motif), but no A domain is predicted
  5. e)The NRPS gene in C. paradoxa is incomplete (gap at 5'-end)
  6. f)In reality, a significant number of proteins annotated as freestanding KS proteins in A. anophagefferens are most likely part of type I PKSs, which would increase the number of type I PKSs and decrease the number of free-standing KSs (see main text for more details)
  7. g)The numbers for S. minutum are highly approximate estimates and refer to the ~40% of the 1.5-Gb genome that is sequenced and assembled (see main text for more details). Many genes may be truncated because of the small size of the contigs. One potential hybrid PKS-NRPS gene (identifier 12436) was counted as a PKS. Due to high uncertainties, data on individual KS and C domains are not shown (n.s.)
  8. h)EhuPKS1 and EhuPKS2 may each contain a single C domain (including HHxxxD motif), but no A domains are predicted