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Table 1 Genome-wide association analysis results using the multi-locus mixed model (MLMM) method in the pea-Aphanomyces collection

From: Genome-wide association mapping of partial resistance to Aphanomyces euteiches in pea

Variable (a)

Number of markers (b)

Range of p-value (c)

Range of allelic effect (d)

% of phenotypic variance explained by

Unexplained variance (h)

PCA (e)

Kinship (f)

Markers (g)

Field_RRI_All

2

7.86E-11–8.10E-06

0.13–0.17

48 %

20 %

19 %

14 %

Field_RRI_10_RI

2

1.81E-05–2.37E-05

0.16–0.19

13 %

28 %

25 %

34 %

Field_RRI_11_RI

2

9.92E-08–6.58E-06

0.23–0.26

42 %

9 %

20 %

29 %

Field_RRI_12_RI

5

3.14E-07–1.50E-05

0.17–0.29

20 %

18 %

39 %

23 %

Field_RRI_13_RI

0

26 %

25 %

0 %

48 %

Field_RRI_10_DI

1

5.78E-06

0.17

24 %

28 %

10 %

38 %

Field_RRI_11_DI

1

5.90E-07

0.29

54 %

25 %

9 %

12 %

Field_RRI_12_DI

3

4.76E-06–7.46E-06

0.15–0.17

36 %

14 %

23 %

28 %

Field_RRI_13_DI

3

6.00E-08–2.17E-05

0.16–0.26

28 %

13 %

23 %

37 %

CC_RRI_09_RB84

1

5.40E-12

0.28

43 %

8 %

19 %

30 %

CC_RRI_09_Ae109

2

8.82E-28–1.60E-06

0.27–0.81

8 %

10 %

68 %

13 %

CC_RRI_13_RB84

3

7.34E-11–3.89E-06

0.17–0.26

47 %

6 %

22 %

25 %

Field_ADI1_All

4

7.86E-11–2.43E-06

0.20–0.32

32 %

25 %

27 %

16 %

Field_ADI1_10_RI

4

3.12E-08–2.25E-05

0.26–0.40

10 %

4 %

39 %

48 %

Field_ADI1_11_RI

0

5 %

50 %

0 %

45 %

Field_ADI1_12_RI

3

3.99E-07–8.98E-06

0.45–0.54

23 %

50 %

15 %

13 %

Field_ADI1_13_RI

5

3.85E-08–3.32E-05

0.13–0.25

31 %

0.001 %

37 %

32 %

Field_ADI1_10_DI

0

37 %

45 %

0 %

18 %

Field_ADI1_11_DI

0

2 %

17 %

0 %

81 %

Field_ADI1_12_DI

7

1.13E-10–2.53E-05

0.21–0.61

29 %

21 %

39 %

12 %

Field_ADI1_13_DI

2

2.53E-10–1.16E-08

0.36–0.43

35 %

15 %

26 %

23 %

Field_ADI1_12_KEN

1

2.64E-05

0.18

32 %

25 %

8 %

34 %

Field_ADI2_All

3

1.15E-07–8.27E-06

0.22–0.38

39 %

47 %

8 %

6 %

Field_ADI2_10_RI

0

15 %

0.004 %

0 %

85 %

Field_ADI2_11_RI

2

7.77E-07–3.61E-06

0.33–0.43

0 %

43 %

23 %

34 %

Field_ADI2_12_RI

0

39 %

47 %

0 %

14 %

Field_ADI2_13_RI

0

39 %

45 %

0 %

17 %

Field_ADI2_10_DI

6

7.56E-08–1.27E-05

0.26–0.46

20 %

0.002 %

38 %

42 %

Field_ADI2_12_DI

0

24 %

50 %

0 %

26 %

Field_ADI2_13_DI

9

3.25E-12–2.34E-5

0.26–0.45

36 %

5 %

45 %

14 %

Field_ADI2_12_KEN

1

2.55E-05

0.34

9 %

48 %

11 %

32 %

MFA.Dim.1

4

1.51E-08–1.26E-05

0.42–0.56

56 %

15 %

21 %

8 %

MFA.Dim.2

2

1.01E-05–1.48E-05

0.36–0.48

9 %

78 %

1 %

13 %

FLO1_10_REN

5

1.24E-17–1.97E-05

1.82–5.86

9 %

17 %

64 %

10 %

FLO1_12_REN

7

6.29E-16–3.31E-06

1.55–12.80

8 %

23 %

63 %

6 %

FLO2_10_REN

8

8.50E-12–2.21E-06

0.91–2.88

5 %

0.001 %

71 %

24 %

FLO2_12_REN

3

2.68E-15–3.69E-08

2.47–5.49

5 %

19 %

52 %

24 %

RIPE_10_REN

7

5.02E-13–7.74E-06

0.94–2.88

0 %

3 %

72 %

25 %

RIPE_12_REN

2

2.69E-17–4.63E-06

2.15–3.39

0 %

25 %

49 %

26 %

HT_10_REN

3

3.76E-26–5.00E-06

6.42–30.65

0 %

37 %

53 %

10 %

HT_12_REN

2

1.62E-23–2.55E-05

8.10–34.61

0 %

23 %

76 %

1 %

  1. (a) Variables are abbreviated as follows: CC Controlled conditions experiments, Field Infested field experiments, RRI Root rot index, IDA1 First aerial decline index, IDA2 Second aerial decline index, FLO1 date of 50 % bloom, FLO2 date of 100 % bloom, RIPE date of 100 % dried plants, HT height of plants, 09 to 13 year of field evaluation, All Global variables over field environments, RI Riec-sur-Belon, France, DI Dijon-Epoisses, France, REN Rennes-Le Rheu, France, KEN Kendrick (ID), USA, RB84 and Ae109 two pure-cultured strains; (b) number of markers used as cofactors at the optimal step of the multi-locus mixed model (MLMM) analysis; (c) Range of p-values of the significant markers, significance threshold is p-value < 3.4E-05 as described in Methods section; (d) Range of allelic effects of the significant markers in absolute values; Percentage of phenotypic variance explained by: (e) the principal component analysis (PCA) matrix of the collection, (f) the Kinship relatedness matrix among lines of the collection, (g) all cofactor markers and (h) the unexplained variance qualified as “missing heritability”