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Table 1 Summary of PR gene families and their functions

From: Theobroma cacao L. pathogenesis-related gene tandem array members show diverse expression dynamics in response to pathogen colonization

PR gene class

Common name

Function

References

PR-1

None (CAP/SCP superfamily)

Unknown.

[10, 11, 56]

PR-2

β-1,3-glucanase

Aid in cell wall degradation.

[10, 11, 79]

PR-3

Chitinase–type I, II, IV, V, VI, VII

Aid in cell wall degradation.

[10, 11, 80, 81]

PR-4

Chitinase-Hevein-like

Aid in cell wall degradation. May have RNase and DNase activity.

[10, 11, 19, 8083]

PR-5

Thaumatin-like

Degrade pathogen membranes.

[10, 11, 42, 84, 85]

PR-6

Proteinase-inhibitor

Inhibit proteolysis by herbivorous insects.

[10, 11, 42, 86]

PR-7

Endoproteinase

Aid in cell wall degradation.

[10, 11, 87]

PR-8

Chitinase-type III

Aid in cell wall degradation. May have lysozymal activity.

[10, 11, 80, 81, 88]

PR-9

Peroxidase

Regulate reactive oxygen species concentration, contribute to cell wall lignification.

[10, 11, 89]

PR-10

Ribonuclease-like

Degrade RNA, may degrade viruses.

[10, 11, 90, 91]

PR-11

Chitinase-type I

Aid in cell wall degradation.

[10, 11, 80, 81]

PR-12

Defensin

Degrade fungal membranes.

[10, 11, 92]

PR-13

Thionin

Directly permeabilize lipid bilayers.

[10, 11, 61]

PR-14

Lipid-transfer Protein

Degrade pathogen membranes, mechanism unclear.

[10, 11, 93]

PR-15

Germin/Oxalate Oxidase

Regulate reactive oxygen species production.

[11, 62, 94]

PR-16

Germin-like/Oxalate Oxidase-like

Regulate reactive oxygen species production, catalyze monosaccharides.

[11, 62, 94]

PR-17

Putative Zinc-metalloproteinase

Proteinase function probable, mechanism unclear.

[11, 95]