Table 1 Host specificity and disease caused by nine Bordetella species

B. bronchiseptica

58

5,338,400 bp

variety of mammals, including pigs, dogs, cats, seals, rabbits, horses, mice, sheep, humans

Broad variety of respiratory disease, from clinically unapparent to fatal pneumonia, such as snuffles in rabbits, atrophic rhinitis in pigs and kennel cough in dogs

B. parapertussis

2

4,773,551 bp

humans, sheep

Respiratory infection, Whooping Cough-like disease

B. pertussis

34

4,086,186 bp

humans

Respiratory infection, Whooping Cough

B. hinzii

6

4,885,897 bp

turkeys, rabbits, immunocompromised humans

Respiratory disease in turkeys and rabbits, septicemia in humans

B. holmesii

18

3,699,674 bp

humans

Respiratory infection, Whooping Cough-like disease, bacteremia

B. avium

1

3,732,255 bp

birds

Respiratory disease

B. trematum

4

4,485,537 bp

humans

Ear infection, wound infection

B. ansorpii

2

6,210,412 bp

humans

Epidermal cyst, wound infection

B. petrii

3

5,287,950 bp

humans, environmental

Wound infection (osteomyelitis), ear infection (chronic mastoiditis), chronic bronchorrhea, environmental