Table 4 Gene expression results for Ileal Peyer’s patches samples with fold change >2

ENPP7⁺

Might have an inflammatory effect, as it could degrade and inactivate platelet-activating factor (PAF).

Wu et al. (2006) [55]

PDIA2⁺

Helps to load antigenic peptides into MHC I molecules and is therefore important in antigen recognition and clearing.

LeBrasseur (2006) [56]

BT.36112⁺

(KIR) Killer cell immunoglobulin receptor suppresses the cytotoxic activity of NK cells.

Vilches et al. (2002) [57]

MGC137099⁺

Is preferentially expressed on Th2 cells and is together with SEMA4A a stimulatory molecule for T-cell activation.

European bioinformatics institute (2015) [58]

PRLR⁺

Cytokine receptor and important in the JAK-STAT, JAK-RUSH, Ras-Raf-MAPK and PI-3 K pathways.

Bouchard et al. (1999) [59], Lee et al. (1999) [60], Amaral et al. (2004) [61]

LY6G6E⁺

Possible role of Ly-6 family members in T-cell activation, differentiation and maturation (mouse studies)

Mallya et al. (2006) [62]

BTRAPPIN-5⁺

Multifunctional host-defense peptide with anti-proteolytic, anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial activities.

Kato et al. (2010) [63]

SUSD2⁺

Contributes to evasion of immune responses by induction of apoptosis in activated T-cells

Watson. (2011) [23]

KLRJ1⁺

(see Table 3 on RAJ)

Storset et al. (2003) [27]

FCRLA⁻

Leading to inflammatory responses and antibody-mediated cellular cytotoxicity.

Inozume et al. (2007) [64]

CXCL13⁻

Chemokine B-lymphocyte chemoattractant.

Legler et al. (1998) [65]

DEFB5⁻

Bovine neutrophil β-defensins exert broad spectrum of antimicrobial activities against several species that cause mastitis as S. aureus, E. coli, K. pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa

Alnakip et al. (2014) [66]

BT.53744⁻

Development and differentiation of B-cells into plasma cells.

International Molecular Exchange Consortium (2015) [67]

TNFRSF13C⁻

Mature B-cell survival.

Thompson et al. (2001) [68]

CD79B⁻

Initiation of the signal transduction cascade activated by the B-cell antigen receptor complex which will lead to antigen presentation.

Luisiri et al. (1996) [69], Tseng et al. (1997) [70], Pelanda et al. (2002) [71]

SRCRB4D⁻

Regulation of innate and adaptive immune responses.

OMIM database (2004) [72]

CD180⁻

Controls B-cell recognition and signaling of LPS.

NCBI Reference Sequence Database (2008) [73]

FCRL1⁻

Functions in B-cell activation and differentiation.

Gauld et al. (2002) [74], Harwoord et al. (2010) [75]

CLEC4E⁻

Induces secretion of inflammatory cytokines after binding of ligands (such as damaged cells, funghi and microbacteria).

Miyake et al. (2010) [76]

CXCR5⁻

Chemokine plays an essential role in B-cell migration.

Sáez de Guinoa et al. (2011) [25]

CD19⁻

Acts as a B-cell coreceptor in conjunction with CD21 and CD81.

Van Zelm et al. (2006) [77]

P2RY8⁻

Regulator of the immune response.

Amisten et al. (2007) [78]

LTA⁻

Mediates a large variety of inflammatory, immunostimulatory and antiviral responses.

NCBI Reference Sequence Database (2012) [79]

CXCR4⁻

Receptor for SDF-1, has potent chemotactic activity for lymphocytes.

Tamamis et al. (2014) [80]

TLR10⁻

Role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity.

Lee et al. (2014) [81]

SPP1⁻

Chemotactic for many cell types including macrophages, dendritic cells and T cells; it enhances B lymphocyte immunoglobulin production and proliferation. In inflammatory situations it stimulates both pro- and anti-inflammatory processes.

Wang et al. (2008) [82]

BANK1⁻

Is expressed during development of B-lineage cells.

Dymecki et al. (1992) [83]

FCRL3⁻

Regulator of the immune system.

Swainson et al. (2010) [84]

LTB⁻

LTs are important for innate and adaptive immune responses by controlling the expression of several adhesion molecules, other cytokines and chemokines

Creus et al. (2012) [85]

DOK3⁻

Negative regulator of JNK signaling in B-cells.

Robson et al. (2004) [86]

KLRF1⁻

Activating lectin-like receptor expressed on NK-cells and stimulates their cytotoxicity and cytokine release.

Kuttruff et al. (2009) [31]

FCER2⁻

Transportation in antibody feedback regulation

Kijimoto-Ochiai (2002) [87]

FCAMR⁻

is expressed constitutively on the majority of B-lymphocytes and macrophages; FCAMR functions as a receptor for the Fc fragment of IgA and IgM and binds IgA and IgM with high affinity and mediates their endocytosis

Shibuya et al. (2000) [88], McDonald et al. (2002) [89]

CCL19⁻

Antimicrobial gene; may play a role in normal lymphocyte recirculation and homing. It also plays an important role in trafficking of T cells in thymus, and in T cell and B cell migration to secondary lymphoid organs

National Center for Biotechnology Information Gene (2014) [90]

TNFSF8⁻

Involved in cell differentiation, apoptosis and immune response

Wei et al. (2011) [91]

SOCS1⁻

Negative regulator of cytokine signaling.

Krebs et al. (2011) [92]

TIMD4⁻

Enhances the engulfment of apoptotic cells: involved in regulating T-cell proliferation and lymphotoxin signaling.

Uniprot (2015) [93]

SIT1⁻

Negatively regulates T-cell receptor mediated signaling in T-cells.

Marie-Cardine et al. (1999) [94]

BDKRB1⁻

Receptor binding leads to increase in the cytosolic calcium ion concentration, resulting in chronic and acute inflammatory responses.

Talbot et al. (2012) [95], Enquist et al. (2014) [96]

AKAP5⁻

Is expressed in T-lymphocytes and may function to inhibit IL-2; IL-2 is part of the body’s natural responses to microbial infections.

Schillace et al. (2002) [97]

PGLYRP2⁻

Recognizes peptidoglycan, a component of bacterial cell walls.

Dziarski et al. (2010) [98]

CD37⁻

T-cell and B-cell interactions.

Knobeloch et al. (2000) [99]