Table 1 Genebank entries of the carotenoid metabolic/catabolic pathways genes of Arabidopsis thaliana, Triticum aestivum, Brachypodium distachyon, Oryza sativa and Zea mays

PSY1

Phytoene synthase 1

At5g17230

EF600063, EF600064

Bradi1g29590

AY445521

AY324431

PSY2

Phytoene synthase 2

At5g17230

DQ642445, DQ642441, BT009537

Bradi4g01100

Os12g43130

AY325302

PSY3

Phytoene synthase 3

-

Dibari et al. (2012)

Bradi4g37520

Os09g38320

DQ372936

PDS

Phytoene desaturase

At4g14210

FJ517553, BT009315

Bradi1g72400

AF049356

L39266

Z-ISO

cis-zeta-carotene isomerase

At1g10830

CV770956, CA501609^a

Bradi4g08060

Os12g21710

BT036679, GRMZM2G011746

ZDS

Zeta-carotene desaturase

At3g04870

HQ703015, FJ169496, BT009332

Bradi1g54390

NP_001059145

AAD02462

CRTISO

Carotenoid isomerase

At1g06820

AK332627

Bradi1g67480

EF417892

FJ765413

LYCB (LCYB)

Lycopene β-cyclase

At3g10230

JN622196, BT009216

Bradi3g06600

Os02g09750

AY206862

LYCE (LCYE)

Lycopene ɛ-cyclase

At5g57030

EU649785, EU649786, EU649787

Bradi2g41890

BAC05562

NP_001146840

BCH1 (CHYB1, HYD1)

Carotenoid β-ring hydroxylase (β-hydroxylase 1)

At4g25700

JX171670, JX171671, JX171672, DR739690

Bradi1g76870

Os03g03370

GRMZM2G382534

BCH2 (CHYB2, HYD2)

Carotenoid β-ring hydroxylase (β-hydroxylase 2)

At5g52570

JX171673, JX171674, JX171675

Bradi5g19130

Os04g48880

GRMZM2G164318

CYP97A3 (LUT5)

Carotenoid β-ring hydroxylase (Cytochrome P450-type monooxygenase CYP97A3)

At1g31800

AK335215

Bradi3g55450

Os02g57290

GRMZM5G837869

CYP97C1 (LUT1)

Carotenoid ε ring -hydroxylase (Cytochrome P450-type monooxygenase CYP97C1))

At3g53130

BE499228^a, CD862311^a

Bradi3g32690

Os10g39930

GRMZM2G143202

CCD7 (MAX3)

Carotene (9,10) cleavage dioxygenase

At2g44990

BM137947^a

Bradi5g17657

Os04g46470

GRMZM2G158657

CCD8 (MAX4)

Carotene (13,14) cleavage dioxygenase

At4g32810

BQ788859

Bradi2g49670

Os01g38580

GRMZM2G446858

CCD1 (NC5)

(5,6) (5′,6′) (9,10) (9′,10′) carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase

At3g63520

DR740786^a

Bradi4g00330

Os12g44310

GRMZM2G057243

CYP711A1 (MAX1)

Cytochrome P450-type monooxygenase CYP711A1

At2g26170

CA742365

Bradi3g32690

JX566699

NM_001301569

VDE

Violaxanthin de-epoxidase

At1g08550

AF265294

Bradi5g07390

Os04g31040

EU956472

ZEP (ABA1)

Zeaxanthin epoxidase

At5g67030

AF384103

Bradi5g11750

Os04g37619

GRMZM2G127139

NXS

Neoxanthin synthase

At1g67080

CJ658959

Bradi2g01990

Os01g03750

GRMZM2G121747

NCED4 (CCD4)

9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase

At4g19170

KP099105

Bradi3g52680

Os02g47510

GRMZM2G110192, GRMZM2G150363

NCED9 (NC2; CCD9)

9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxigenase 1

At1g78390

LC077864^a

Bradi1g58580, XM_003561419

Os07g05940

GRMZM2G417954

ABA2 (SDR)

Short-chain alcohol dehydrogenase

At1g52340

EMS67256^a, AK334048

Bradi1g04320

Os03g59610

GRMZM2G332976

AAO3

Abscisic aldehyde oxidase

At2g27150

EMS56969^a, AK331622

Bradi1g52740

Os07g18120

NP_001105309