Fig. 5

Anti-lipopolysaccharide factors (ALFs) in Malacostraca. a Phylogenetic tree of ALFs constructed using the maximum-likelihood method from an amino acid multiple sequence alignment. (A’) Homology models of ALFs constructed with SWISS-MODEL revealed highly conserved predictions of the structural fold of these proteins. ALFs have conserved α-helical and β-strand structures. b Graph of putative ALF transcripts. The y-axes represent total number of genes identified in all 55 malacostracan species for each family. Each species is represented by a number on the X-axes and a complete list of species is available in Additional file 3: Table S2. Black horizontal bars below each graph delimit the five orders of malacostracans and the numbers in parentheses (x/y) represent the following: x = number of species in which a particular gene family is found and y = total number of species in each order. Taxa labels are depicted as their respective colour codes. Bootstrap support values (n = 1000) for all trees can be found in Additional file 26: Figure S14. Scale bar represents substitution per site. c Multiple sequence alignment of ALFs showing the putative signal peptides and LPS binding motifs characterised by two conserved cysteine residues are marked in red boxes