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Table 5 Essential reactions unique to resistant parasites

From: Novel Plasmodium falciparum metabolic network reconstruction identifies shifts associated with clinical antimalarial resistance

Reaction

Reaction Formula

EC Number

Reaction Function

Genes

CO2tmt

CO2[m] < => CO2[c]

-

CO2 transport

-

EX_folate4

p-aminobenzoate[e] < =>

-

p-aminobenzoate exchange

-

EX_fru(e)

fructose[e] < =>

-

fructose exchange

-

EX_thm(e)

thiamine[e] < =>

-

thiamine exchange

-

FRUt1r

fructose[e] < => fructose[c]

-

fructose transport

PFB0210c

FUM_mt

fumarate [m] + H2O[m] < => malate[m]

4.2.1.2

fumarate hydratase in the TCA cycle

PFI1340w

FUMtmt

fumarate[m] < => fumarate [c]

-

fumarate transport into mitochondria

-

GHMT2r

serine[c] + thf[c] < => glyine[c] + H2O[c] + mthf[c]

2.1.2.1

serine hydroxymethyltransferase in folate synthesis

PFL1720w

GLYCL_mt

glycine[m] + NAD[m] + thf[m] < => CO2[m] + mlthf[m] + NADH[m] + NH4[m]

many

glycine cleavage system in folate synthesis and amino acid metabolism

PF13_0345a

PFL1550w

MAL13P1.390

PF14_0497

PF11_0339

GLYtmt

glycine[m] < => glycine[c]

-

glycine transport into mitochondria

-

HEX7

ATP[c] + fructose[c] = > ADP[c] + fructose-6-phosphate[c] + h[c]

2.7.1.1

hexokinase of glycolysis

PFF1155w

MDHm

malate[m] + NAD[m] < => h[m] + NADH[m] + oxaloacetate[m]

1.1.1.37

malate dehydrogenase in the TCA Cycle

PFF0895w

MLTHFtmt

mthf[m] < => mthf[c]

-

mthf transport into mitochondria

MAL8P1_13*

PF11_0172

NADPHtmt

NADPH[c] < => NADPH[m]

-

NADPH transport into mitochondria

-

NADPtmt

NADPc] < => NADP[m]

-

NADP transport into mitochondria

-

NH4tmt

NH4[m] < => NH4[c]

-

NH4 transport into mitochondria

-

OAAtmt

oxaloacetate [m] < => oxaloacetate[c]

-

oxaloacetate into mitochondria

-

THFtmt

thf[m] < => thf[c]

-

thf into mitochondria

-

THMt3

h[c] + thiamine[e] < => h[e] + thiamine[c]

-

thiamine import

-

TMDPK

ATP[c] + thiamine[c] = > AMP[c] + h[c] + thiamine diphosphate[c]

2.7.6.2

thiamine diphosphokinase in cofactor metabolism

PFI1195c

pABAt

p-aminobenzoate[e] < => p-aminobenzoate[c]

-

p-aminobenzoate import

MAL8P1_13a PF11_0172

  1. All reactions in table are predicted to be lethal when removed from both Cambodia and Vietnam resistant models
  2. a, deleted from at least one resistant model due to expression constraints by MADE localization: [e] extracellular, [c] cytoplasmic, [m] mitochondria, [ap] apicoplast