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Table 1 Top five Gene Ontology (GO) terms with GFBLUP in Holstein for the four traits

From: Use of biological priors enhances understanding of genetic architecture and genomic prediction of complex traits within and between dairy cattle breeds

Trait

GO ID

r a _ GFBLUP

biasb

Δr c

\( {\left({H}_f^2\right)}^{\mathrm{d}} \)

Nsetse

GO term

GO family

Milk

GO:0042572

0.655

0.863

0.020

0.169

586

Retinol metabolic process

Metabolic process

GO:0034605

0.655

0.864

0.020

0.185

1517

Cellular response to heat

Response to stimulus

GO:0040018

0.650

0.863

0.015

0.116

914

Positive regulation of multicellular organism growth

Biological regulation

GO:0008285

0.650

0.865

0.015

0.209

4972

Negative regulation of cell proliferation

Biological regulation

GO:0032496

0.648

0.864

0.013

0.144

1579

Response to lipopolysaccharides

Response to stimulus

Fat

GO:0042572

0.648

0.804

0.041

0.257

586

Retinol metabolic process

Metabolic process

GO:0034605

0.645

0.804

0.038

0.291

1517

Cellular response to heat

Response to stimulus

GO:0040018

0.644

0.801

0.037

0.200

914

Positive regulation of multicellular organism growth

Biological regulation

GO:0007283

0.640

0.802

0.033

0.323

4273

Spermatogenesis

Reproduction

GO:0000724

0.639

0.802

0.032

0.352

1308

Double-strand break repair via homologous recombination

Cellular process

Protein

GO:0042572

0.612

0.782

0.010

0.051

586

Retinol metabolic process

Metabolic process

GO:0030154

0.610

0.783

0.008

0.016

9840

Cell differentiation

Developmental process

GO:0090502

0.609

0.782

0.007

0.011

735

RNA phosphodiester bond hydrolysis, endonucleolytic

Cellular process

GO:0042742

0.608

0.782

0.006

0.010

1231

Defence response to bacteria

Response to stimulus

GO:0050821

0.607

0.781

0.005

0.021

3162

Protein stabilization

Biological regulation

Mastitis

GO:0042104

0.513

0.873

0.009

0.006

331

Positive regulation of activated T cell proliferation

Immune system process

GO:0050729

0.513

0.872

0.009

0.007

626

Positive regulation of inflammatory response

Response to stimulus

GO:0043066

0.512

0.871

0.008

0.047

8158

Negative regulation of apoptotic process

Biological regulation

GO:0032465

0.511

0.872

0.007

0.014

151

Regulation of cytokinesis

Biological regulation

GO:0006914

0.510

0.871

0.006

0.018

1753

Autophagy

Cellular process

  1. aPrediction accuracy with GFBLUP
  2. bThe regression coefficient of de-regression proofs (DRP) on predicted genomic breeding values (GEBV)
  3. cThe change of prediction accuracy with GFBLUP relative to GBLUP
  4. dProportion of the total genomic variance explained by GO terms
  5. eThe number of SNPs in GO terms