Fig. 1From: Robust mutant strain design by pessimistic optimizationThe pessimistic bi-level problem structure for knockout identification. The inner-most level problem defines the optimization of cell survival based on a specific cellular objective (e.g., maximization of biomass growth in P-OptKnock and minimization of flux changes in P-ROOM). The outer level maximizes the worst-case scenario for Succinate productionBack to article page