Comparative transcriptomics of female and male gametocytes in Plasmodium berghei and the evolution of sex in alveolates

Table 1 Overexpressed biological processes in female or male gametocytes compared to asexual stages

Gender	GO term ID	GO term description	p value	Genes/total
Female-specific	GO:0044403	Symbiosis, encompassing mutualism through parasitism	0.0073	13/31
	GO:0044419	Interspecies interaction between organisms	0.0073	13/31
	GO:0051704	Multi-organism process	0.0073	13/31
	GO:0051701	Interaction with host	0.0086	11/24
	GO:0030260	Entry into host cell	0.0097	10/21
	GO:0006468	Protein phosphorylation	0.013	23/80
	GO:0022402	Cell cycle process	0.046	8/18
Male-specific	GO:0007010	Cytoskeleton organization	4.6 ×10⁻¹⁷	37/48
	GO:0006260	DNA replication	2.1 ×10⁻¹⁶	35/45
	GO:0007017	Microtubule-based process	5.0 ×10⁻¹⁵	30/37
	GO:0006468	Protein phosphorylation	3.8 ×10⁻⁶	38/80
	GO:0006796	Phosphate-containing compound metabolic process	6.0 ×10⁻⁶	51/121
	GO:0007018	Microtubule-based movement	8.7 ×10⁻⁶	15/19
	GO:0030705	Cytoskeleton-dependent intracellular transport	8.7 ×10⁻⁶	15/19
	GO:0009719	Response to endogenous stimulus	0.0046	22/49
	GO:0022402	Cell cycle process	0.030	10/18
	GO:0006928	Movement of cell or subcellular component	0.031	6/8
	GO:0051674	Localization of cell	0.031	6/8
	GO:0007049	Cell cycle	0.031	12/24

ISSN: 1471-2164