Fig. 4

Computed tomography scans of the bulldog calf 2 (a) and the control animal (b). The bones appearing chondrodysplastic are indicated by letters: S, scapula, H, humerus, RU, radius/ulna, MC, metacarpus, F, femur, T, tibia, MT, metatarsus. The dorsal view of both animals enables comparative analysis of both skeletal systems. The ribs, the lumbar spine, the pelvis and the skeleton of the limbs seem particularly malformed in the bulldog calf. The ribs are malformed and short. The opening angle is larger than in the normal calf. Especially the vertebrae of the lumbar and cervical spine appeared flat (platyspondylia) and the processus transversi of the lumbar spine are completely missing. The pelvis was significantly retarded in its development. The skeleton of the limbs were severely malformed. Especially the long bones above the phalanges were short and irregularly shaped