Fig. 1

Regional DNA Methylation Differences Distinguish Aggressive And Control Bees. Aggressive bees (red) and control bees (blue) show distinct DNA methylation profiles. a) scaffold 2.11 contains 21 of the 50 min-120 DMRs. The region depicted spans the ~ 90 kb hotspot of DNA methylation change and contains many signaling genes. Top panel shows two examples of DMRs within scaffold 2.11 with smoothed lines representing average methylation levels of individual methylated CpG’s (ignoring CpGs with < 10% methylation levels). Middle panel displays “hotspot” region of scaffold 2.11 containing multiple DMRs. Horizontal bars within yellow DMR areas show average methylation levels for each DMR. b-c) Top panel presents DNA methylation level for a short segment of scaffold 11.16, with dots for individual CpGs and smoothed lines for average methylation levels for each phenotype. The DMR in (b) is located over the DH31-R (GB47217) calcitonin receptor, and the DMR in (c) is over the DH44 (GB48796) diuretic hormone gene, both important for stress response