Fig. 3

Evolutionary signals in M. micrantha. a Mikania pairwise Ka/Ks for each GO term. Data points represent average Ka/Ks ratios of M. micrantha-M. cordata and M. cordata-M. cordifolia pairs by GO category. GO categories with putatively accelerated (P < 0.05, Fisher’s exact test) nonsynonymous divergence in M. micrantha-M. cordata are highlighted in red while those in M. cordata-M. cordifolia are in blue. b Comparison of positively selected genes (PSGs) in M. micrantha, M. cordata, and M. cordifolia. The number of PSGs shown in different categories were obtained based on their GO classification and are given in parentheses. c Positively selected genes involved in energy utilization and stimuli response processes. Genes that showed evidence of positive selection in M. micrantha are in red, blue, purple, and orange for group I, II, III, and IV PSGs, respectively. Solid lines indicate direct relationships between enzymes and metabolites, while dashed lines indicate that more than one step is involved in the process