Fig. 1

Development of C. fructicola appressoria and cellophane infectious hyphae. a Conidial germination and appressorium formation on cellophane surface. Plotted means and standard deviations were based on counts from 10 randomly chosen optical fields, each with around 35 conidia. Appressorium formation rate was calculated on per-germ-tube basis. b Top, at 8 h post inoculation (hpi), appressoria at ends of short germ tubes were melanized (black arrow) whereas those at ends of long germ tubes were still hyaline (red arrow). Bottom, all appressoria became heavily melanized by 10.5 hpi. c Cellophane infectious hyphae. Left, nascent infectious hyphae formed at an appressorium penetration site (arrowhead) at 18 hpi; Right, bulbous cellophane infectious hyphae observed with a GFP-labeled strain at 36 hpi. Scale bars in b and c represent 50 μm