Fig. 2
Infection characteristics of C. fructicola on detached apple leaf. a. Typical symptom development of detached leaf inoculated with conidial suspension (5 × 106/mL in 0.05% Tween 20). b. At 48 hpi, appressoria formed abundantly on leaf surface (tiny black spots) whereas necrotic lesions formed sporadically (yellow color). c. At 54 hpi, infectious hyphae spread both in the epidermal layer (c1, c2) and downward to the mesophyll (c3, red arrows). Scale bars in c represent 20 μm