Fig. 3

Comparative analysis for development- and growth-related genes. a Hox clusters from two catfish genomes and a schematic drawing to show possible evolutionary modification of Hox cluster genes in the zebrafish/catfish lineage. Hox clusters of a hypothetical common ancestor of teleosts (left), P. hypophthalmus (upper right), and Danio rerio (lower right) are shown. Anterior, middle, and posterior genes are shown in red (1, 2), orange (3 to 5), yellow (6, 7), green (8, 9) and blue (10–13), respectively [78]. Genes in white boxes became pseudogenes, and those lost in the genome are shown with an X. It is likely that a set of A2a, A7a, A10a, C8b, C10b, D4b, D9b and D11b were lost in a common ancestor of catfish and Danio. In the lineage leading to Pangasianodon, A5a, A11a and B10a were lost, whereas in the lineage leading to Danio, B3b, C4b, C5b, C9a, and D1a were lost. Hox gene organization for a hypothetical ancestor and D. rerio follow the methods of Henkel et al. (2012) [92]. b Catfish and zebrafish both retained IGFP genes. Molecular phylogenetic analysis of IGFBPs showing conservation and loss of core IGFBPs (1–6). Numbers at nodes indicate bootstrap values