Fig. 3

Effect of development on expression partitioning of duplicate genes in in vitro “hybrids” (MIX), F1 hybrids (F1) and reciprocal synthetic allotetraploids (S3 generation, NN99 and 99NN). a–b Relative homeolog expression was expressed as the percentage contribution of japonica rice homeolog (N) to total transcripts [N/ (9 + N) × 100%]. b blue squares represent tissues that lost some homeologs (nonfunctionalization), green squares represent reciprocal tissue-specific silencing (TSS) caused by development. In the two panels, the icons that aggregated to the x-axis, y-axis or external frame lines indicated that the genes underwent TSS. c–d Mean percentages of tissues showing TSS of alleles/homeologs caused by development (across the two stages) within same tissue types (roots or mature leaves). Figure c and Figure d show mean TSS (%) values for the japonica (N) and indica (9) subgenome-copies, respectively. The values are means of six to seven biological replicates (individuals) ± standard error. * indicates a significant difference between root and leaf within a rice line, according to a Mann–Whitney test (P < 0.05)