Fig. 2

Summary of KEGG metabolic subcategories resulting from the DIA analysis in mammary parenchyma (PAR) or fat pad (MFP) of Holstein heifer calves (n = 6/treatment) fed pre-weaning (week 1 to 8 of life) an enhanced (EH) (1.08 kg of powder/head/day, 28.9% crude protein, 26.2% fat, DM basis) or restricted (R; represents the industry standard or control) milk replacer (0.44 kg of powder/calf/day, 20.9% crude protein, 19.8% fat, DM basis). For each tissue, the columns represent the effect (impact) and flux responses. The blue bars represent the effect value (0 to 30), and the flux columns represent negative (−) and positive (+) flux (−30 to + 30) based on the direction of the effect. The positive flux (green bars) indicates an upregulation in EH-fed heifer calves, while the negative flux (red bars) indicates an upregulation in R-fed heifer calves