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Table 2 Evolved expression changes in response to selection for enhanced associative learning ability. Thirty-six transcripts, expressed from 34 loci, showed evidence of evolved expression regulation that was consistent across four replicate pairs of lines, as identified by three complementary methods (see Methods and Additional file 8). Transcripts are in order of increasing Fold Change, with high Fold Change indicating elevated expression in selected lines

From: Regulatory and sequence evolution in response to selection for improved associative learning ability in Nasonia vitripennis

gene name

gene accession

transcript accession

log2 Fold Change

edgeR

Padj

pairwise tests

Padj

PCA correlation

ρpearson

P

Rho GTPase-activating proteinb

LOC100118685b

XM_008205242.1b

-3

0

0

0.8

0

molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis protein 1

LOC100118555

XM_008212104.1

−2.6

0

0

0.7

0.02

uncharacterised protein (LOC100679965)

LOC100679965

XM_008216564.1

−2.6

0

1

0.3

0.18

circadian locomoter output cycles protein kaput

LOC100114103

XM_008216217.1

−2.2

0

0.09

0.5

0.06

serine/threonine-protein kinase MST4

LOC100121999

XM_008213253.1

−2.2

0

0

0.7

0.01

uncharacterized protein (LOC100678681)

LOC100678681

XM_003425395.2

−2.1

0.83

0.43

0.6

0.02

cytochrome b5 reductase 4

LOC100117767

XM_008209788.1

−2.1

0.74

0

0.2

0.27

protein split ends-like

LOC100123328

XM_008214414.1

−2

0

0

0.2

0.22

small subunit processome component 20 homolog

LOC100122027

XM_008212760.1

−1.9

0

0

0.3

0.16

specific mRNA (nucleoside-2’-O-)-methyltransferase 2a

LOC103315388a

XM_008203871.1a

− 1.8

0.01

0.6

0.6

0.02

mitochondrial 2-oxoglutarate/malate carrier protein-like

LOC100121662

XM_008219522.1

−1.4

0.06

0.02

0.6

0.02

G2/M phase-specific E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase

LOC100115982

XM_008205146.1

−1.4

0.99

0.01

0.2

0.3

60 kDa heat shock protein, mitochondrial-like

LOC100114031

XM_001599995.3

−1.4

0.02

0

0.7

0.01

sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter ine

LOC100115303

XM_008210619.1

−1.4

0.4

0.01

0.2

0.31

F-box protein 11

LOC100115478

XR_512626.1

−1.2

1

0

0.1

0.4

lisH domain and HEAT repeat-containing protein KIAA1468 homolog

LOC100120301

XM_008213739.1

−1.2

0.94

0.09

0.7

0.01

DNA topoisomerase 2

LOC100117297

XM_008208620.1

−1.1

1

1

0.7

0.01

aspartylglucosaminidase

LOC100119424

XM_008213772.1

−1.1

0.43

0

0.1

0.39

putative gamma-glutamylcyclotransferase CG2811

LOC100122076

XM_008213266.1

−1

0.11

0

0.7

0.01

AT-rich interactive domain-containing protein 2

LOC100121989

XM_008218909.1

−1

1

1

0.7

0.01

solute carrier family 12 member 4

LOC100116848

XM_008210249.1

−1

0.53

0.04

0.2

0.21

uncharacterised protein (LOC100120958)

LOC100120958

XM_008211884.1

−1

0.55

0

0.5

0.05

protein argonaute-2-like

LOC100123519

XM_008216662.1

1.1

0.03

0

0.3

0.15

paired box protein Pax-6

LOC100118963

XM_001602773.3

1.1

0.05

0.02

0.1

0.51

ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 5

LOC100678150

XM_008211788.1

1.1

0.04

0

0.6

0.03

coiled-coil domain-containing protein 149

LOC100122426

XM_008206132.1

1.1

1

0.01

0.7

0.02

carbohydrate sulfotransferase 5-like

LOC100116691

XM_001601071.3

1.3

0.02

0

0.3

0.17

putative tyrosine-protein kinase Wsck

LOC100677925

XM_008204866.1

1.3

0.28

0

0.2

0.21

golgin subfamily A member 2-like

LOC100116846

XM_008209761.1

1.4

0.03

0.42

0.5

0.04

uncharacterized protein C10orf118 homolog

LOC100121426

XM_008204491.1

1.4

0

1

0.2

0.29

diacylglycerol kinase eta

LOC100120935

XM_008212357.1

1.7

0.03

0.38

0.5

0.06

dipeptidyl peptidase 9

LOC100123733

XM_008209082.1

1.8

0.02

0

0.3

0.15

decaprenyl-diphosphate synthase subunit 1

LOC100118369

XM_008211982.1

1.8

0

0

0.8

0.01

cap-specific mRNA (nucleoside-2’-O-)-methyltransferase 2a

LOC103315388a

XM_008203872.1a

1.8

0

1

0.7

0.01

Rho GTPase-activating proteinb

LOC100118685b

XM_001602542.3b

1.8

0.01

1

0.1

0.5

Kv channel-interacting protein 1-like

LOC100121497

XM_008205258.1

2.1

0

0.14

0.5

0.05

  1. aTwo transcripts for this locus show opposite patterns of evolved expression changes
  2. bTwo transcripts for this locus show opposite patterns of evolved expression changes