Fig. 4

Expression analysis of grape glyoxalase genes under downy mildew stress. Eight time points after downy mildew inoculation are used in the analysis. The qRT-PCR experiments are conducted with three biological replicates and three technical repeats. The highest expression level was set at 1. Standard deviations are shown by error bars and Duncan’s multiple range test (P ≤ 0.05) was used to calculate the significant differences indicated by different letters