Fig. 3

Analysis of small RNAs incorporated into EVs secreted by WNV-infected and IFN-treated cells. a and b Volcano plots demonstrating significance and fold change in abundance of individual miRNAs in EVs secreted from WNV-infected (a) and IFN-treated (b) A549 cells compared to mock. c and d Bar plots showing KEGG-pathways significantly enriched in genes targeted by miRNAs with increased abundance in EVs secreted from WNV-infected (c) or IFN-alpha-treated (d) cells. Pathways related to virus infection are shown in yellow; numbers at the right indicate the number of pathway-associated genes annotated as targets of EV miRNAs. e and f. Significance and logFC of sncRNAs in EVs from WNV-infected (e) and IFN-treated (f) A549 cells compared to mock is represented by the volcano plots. In (a, b, e and f) red colour indicates for RNAs exhibiting logFC>1, orange shows RNAs with FDR-adjusted P-values <0.05 and green indicates for RNAs with logFC>1 and P-Value<0.05 (selected for further analyses and functional annotation). RNAs with increased abundance are located on the right side ((+) LogFC values) and RNAs with decreased abundance are located on the left side ((-) LogFC values). Gene names are indicated for RNAs that exhibited the highest change in response to treatment/infection (P<0.001, logFC>2 for miRNAs and P<0.01, logFC>2 for sncRNAs)