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Fig. 1 | BMC Genomics

Fig. 1

From: Stratified reconstruction of ancestral Escherichia coli diversification

Fig. 1

Proposal of framework for the evolutionary reconstruction of E. coli. The bacterial genome, classically allocated in core or accessory genome (thick vertical lines), were subdivided in order to obtain an evolutionary gradient from the most ancestral genes (core genome) to the more recently acquired (accessory genome). Different layers of analysis, reflecting the taxonomic units genetically established (bacteria, genus, species, phylogroup) and remaining genes were considered. The most ancestral set of genes corresponds to those genes identified as minimal genome (red), representing genes present in all bacteria and they probably are essential genes. Escherichia genus-core genome (orange) corresponds to the genes implicated in the Escherichia diversification prior to the formation of E. coli species. E. coli species-core genome (yellow), represents the period between the emergence of the species until the start of E. coli specialization. Phylogroup-core genome (sky blue) and subphylogroups-core genome (royal blue) represents the specialization and expansion of phylogroups respectively. Phylogroup-accessory genome including the remaining genes (dark blue), to reach the current limit E. coli expansion

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