Fig. 3

Statistics of gene functions related to anthocyanin metabolism in A. sydowii H-1. (A) Putative anthocyanin synthesis pathway found in A. sydowii H-1. Flavonols can be further modified by glycosylation to produce flavonol glycosides. Anthocyanin-related genes can be classified into two major pathways: the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway and the flavonol biosynthesis pathway. The anthocyanin-related compounds identified in A. sydowii H-1 are enclosed in purple boxes. CHS and C4H, which were only found in H-1, are in red circles, and other genes found in the reference genome are in pink circles. Three lncRNAs, which were found in this study, are in light blue boxes (B) Heat map of the expression of genes involved in the anthocyanin synthesis pathway in A. sydowii H-1. The asterisk indicates a transcript with a significant difference in expression between the two fermentation stages (|fold change| ≥2, P-value≤0.05). Malvidin-3Ga, malvidin 3-O-galactoside; peonidin-Mh, peonidin O-malonylhexoside