Fig. 8

Gene ontology enrichments and comparison of B chromosome functions across all seven species analyzed including the micro dissected sequences (Supplementary dataset 7). a Repeat contents comparison of analyzed micro dissected B chromosomes from diverse species. The bubble charts have been merged for all Bs showing the type of content in different colors. Each bubble is a repeat type while each bar indicates a species. The differences between repeats abundance among species suggest that amount of these elements in Bs is subject to their abundance in A genome dependent of species. For example, the Bs of mouse species (B4, B5 and B5) have acquired a higher amount of retrotransposons SINEs, LINEs and LTRs as depicted by yellow, green and red bubbles and lack abundance of satellite DNA. While on other hand, grasshopper Bs (B3) gained a considerable amount of satellite DNA apart from the domination of simple repeats and other elements. b Bar chart show the number of enriched and not enriched functions on the Bs of each species after the Fisher exact test. c Upset plot represent the comparison of GO among the Bs of all organisms analyzed in this study. A total of 10 GO are shared across all studied species (Table S4). An arrow points to an important GO term “nucleus” that is common among all Bs. The Y-axis corresponds to GO intersection size while X-axis represents the unique and shared GO terms. d Enrichment clustering heatmap plots are given for the micro dissected Bs as well as high confident genes (log2 ratio > 2) detected on the B of A. flavolineata. The abbreviation Lc, Ep, Afn, Ap, Afl, Ac, Am refers to L. calcarifer, E. plorans, A. flavolineata, A. peninsulae, A. flavicollis, A. correntinus and A. mexicanus respectively