Table 2 Avian mitochondrial genomes analyzed in this study. GO-I, GO-P1 and GO-P2 indicate gene orders with the duplicated region. GO-TA means the typical avian gene order without duplication

Struthioniformes

Struthio camelus

AF338715.1

16,595

GO-I

Rheiformes

Rhea americana

AF090339.1

16,704

GO-I

Rheiformes

Rhea pennata

AF338709.2

16,749

GO-I

Casuariiformes

Casuarius casuarius

AF338713.2

16,756

GO-TA

Casuariiformes

Casuarius bennetti

AY016011.1*

12,348

?

Casuariiformes

Dromaius novaehollandiae

AF338711.1

16,711

GO-TA

Aepyornithiformes

Aepyornis sp.

KY412176.1

16,688

GO-TA

Aepyornithiformes

Aepyornis hildebrandti

KJ749824.1*

15,547

?

Aepyornithiformes

Mullerornis agilis

KJ749825.1*

15,731

?

Apterygiformes

Apteryx mantelli

KU695537.1

16,694

GO-TA

Apterygiformes

Apteryx owenii

GU071052.1

17,020

GO-TA

Apterygiformes

Apteryx haastii

AF338708.2

16,980

GO-TA

Tinamiformes

Crypturellus tataupa

AY016012.1*

12,205

GO-I

Tinamiformes

Eudromia elegans

AF338710.2

18,305

GO-P1

Tinamiformes

Tinamus guttatus

KR149454.1

16,750

GO-TA

Tinamiformes

Tinamus major

AF338707.3

16,701

GO-TA

Dinornithiformes

Anomalopteryx didiformis

AF338714.1*

16,716

?

Dinornithiformes

Anomalopteryx didiformis

MK778441.1

17,043

GO-P2

Dinornithiformes

Emeus crassus

AF338712.1*

16,662

?

Dinornithiformes

Emeus crassus

AY016015.1

17,061

GO-P2

Dinornithiformes

Dinornis giganteus

AY016013.1

17,070

GO-P2