Fig. 1

General gene expression patterns. Principal component analysis (PCA) plots of a all samples, c the gastrula stage only, and e the prism stage only are displayed with the two components that explained the most variance. Pie charts (b, d, and f) display the percent of variation explained by fixed factors determined using permutational multivariate ANOVAs (*p < 0.05 and ***p < 0.001). For b all samples, fixed factors included developmental stage, temperature treatment, and pCO₂ treatment. The interactions of the three fixed factors have been consolidated into a single, “Interactions” pie chart segment for figure simplicity. For d the gastrula stage and f the prism stage, fixed factors only included temperature and pCO₂ treatment